Homonym: jiva (Soul)
The term "jiva" refers to the individual soul or living entity in various Indian philosophies, particularly in Hinduism and Jainism. It represents the essence of life and consciousness, distinguishing living beings from inanimate objects. Jiva is considered eternal and undergoes cycles of birth, death, and rebirth, influenced by its actions or karma.
In Hinduism, jiva is often seen as a part of the universal soul, or Brahman, while in Jainism, it is viewed as a distinct entity that can attain liberation through right knowledge and conduct. Understanding jiva is essential for grasping concepts of life, morality, and spiritual evolution in these traditions.