Insulin sensitivity refers to how effectively the body's cells respond to the hormone insulin. When cells are sensitive to insulin, they can easily take up glucose from the bloodstream, helping to maintain normal blood sugar levels. High insulin sensitivity is generally associated with better metabolic health and a lower risk of conditions like type 2 diabetes. Conversely, low insulin sensitivity, or insulin resistance, means that cells do not respond well to insulin. This can lead to higher blood sugar levels and increased demand for insulin production by the pancreas. Over time, this can contribute to various health issues, including obesity and cardiovascular disease.