Industrial history refers to the period of significant economic and social change that began in the late 18th century, marked by the transition from agrarian economies to industrialized ones. This transformation was driven by innovations such as the steam engine and mechanized textile production, leading to the rise of factories and urbanization. Key figures like James Watt and Richard Arkwright played crucial roles in developing technologies that fueled this shift. The Industrial Revolution, which began in Great Britain, spread to other parts of the world, influencing global trade and labor practices. It also led to the emergence of new social classes, including the industrial working class and the bourgeoisie. Over time, industrial history has shaped modern economies and continues to impact society today.