Indirect transmission refers to the spread of diseases through intermediaries rather than direct contact between an infected person and a healthy individual. This can occur through various means, such as contaminated surfaces, air, or vectors like insects. For example, a person may touch a surface contaminated with a virus, then touch their face, leading to infection. Another common method of indirect transmission is through food or water that has been contaminated with pathogens. In this case, consuming the contaminated items can lead to illness. Understanding indirect transmission is crucial for preventing the spread of infectious diseases in communities.