In-situ spectroscopy is a technique used to analyze materials directly in their natural environment without needing to remove them for testing. This method allows scientists to gather real-time data about the chemical composition and properties of a sample, which can be crucial for understanding processes in fields like geology, biology, and materials science. This approach often employs various types of spectroscopy, such as infrared spectroscopy or Raman spectroscopy, to provide insights into molecular structures and interactions. By studying samples in situ, researchers can obtain more accurate and relevant information, leading to better interpretations of complex systems and phenomena.