Spectroscopy is a technique used to analyze the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation. By studying the light emitted, absorbed, or scattered by materials, scientists can gain insights into the composition and structure of substances. This method is widely used in various fields, including astronomy, chemistry, and biochemistry. Different types of spectroscopy, such as infrared spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy, allow researchers to identify molecular structures and understand chemical reactions. The information obtained through spectroscopy is crucial for advancements in materials science, pharmaceuticals, and environmental monitoring, making it an essential tool in modern science.