A "história" is the study of past events, particularly in human affairs. It encompasses various aspects such as politics, culture, economics, and social structures. Historians analyze documents, artifacts, and other sources to understand how societies have evolved over time. The discipline of história helps us learn from previous experiences and understand the context of current events. It includes significant periods like the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, as well as influential figures such as Alexander the Great and Marie Curie. By examining these elements, we gain insights into human behavior and societal development.