A grading system is a method used to evaluate and communicate a student's academic performance. It typically involves assigning letters, numbers, or descriptors to represent the level of achievement in a subject. Common grades include A, B, C, D, and F, with A being the highest and F indicating failure. This system helps educators assess student understanding and progress. Grading systems can vary by country and institution. For example, some schools use a 4.0 scale, where A equals 4 points, while others may use percentage scores. Additionally, some systems incorporate pluses and minuses, such as B+ or C-, to provide more detailed feedback on performance.