Global climate models are computer simulations that help scientists understand and predict how the Earth's climate will change over time. These models use mathematical equations to represent the interactions between the atmosphere, oceans, land, and ice. By inputting data about greenhouse gas emissions and other factors, researchers can forecast future climate conditions. These models are essential for studying the impacts of climate change, such as rising temperatures and sea levels. They also help policymakers make informed decisions about environmental regulations and strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change on ecosystems and human societies.