Glass electrodes are specialized sensors used to measure the pH level of a solution. They consist of a thin glass membrane that is sensitive to hydrogen ions. When immersed in a solution, the glass membrane generates a voltage that correlates with the pH level, allowing for accurate readings. These electrodes are commonly used in laboratories and industrial applications to monitor acidity or alkalinity in various substances. They are often paired with a pH meter to provide real-time data. The design of glass electrodes makes them suitable for a wide range of temperatures and chemical environments.