Genetic sequencing is the process of determining the precise order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule. This sequence provides essential information about the genetic makeup of an organism, which can help scientists understand how genes function and how they influence traits and diseases. There are various methods of genetic sequencing, including Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing. These techniques allow researchers to analyze the genomes of different organisms, including humans, plants, and animals, leading to advancements in fields like medicine, agriculture, and evolutionary biology.