Sanger sequencing is a method used to determine the precise order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule. Developed by Frederick Sanger in the 1970s, this technique involves copying DNA strands and incorporating special molecules called dideoxynucleotides. These molecules stop the DNA synthesis at specific points, creating fragments of varying lengths that represent the sequence of the original DNA. After the DNA fragments are generated, they are separated by size using a process called gel electrophoresis. This allows scientists to read the sequence of nucleotides by analyzing the pattern of the fragments. Sanger sequencing has been fundamental in genetics and remains widely used for various applications, including genetic testing and DNA cloning.