A gemologist is a trained professional who specializes in the study and evaluation of gemstones. They examine the physical and optical properties of gems, such as color, clarity, cut, and carat weight, to determine their quality and value. Gemologists often work in jewelry stores, appraisal firms, or laboratories, providing expertise in identifying and grading gemstones. To become a gemologist, individuals typically complete specialized training programs or courses, often offered by institutions like the Gemological Institute of America (GIA). This education equips them with the skills needed to use tools like microscopes and refractometers, essential for analyzing gemstones accurately.