Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of galactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. It helps convert galactose-1-phosphate into glucose-1-phosphate, which can then be used by the body for energy. This process is essential for individuals who consume foods containing galactose. Deficiency in this enzyme can lead to a condition known as galactosemia, which can cause serious health issues if not managed properly. Symptoms may include liver damage, cataracts, and developmental delays. Early diagnosis and dietary management are important for those affected by this condition.