Galactosemia is a rare genetic disorder that affects how the body processes galactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. People with this condition lack an enzyme called galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase, which is necessary to break down galactose. As a result, galactose can build up in the body, leading to various health problems. Symptoms of galactosemia can include jaundice, vomiting, and developmental delays. If not managed through a strict diet that eliminates galactose, individuals may experience serious complications, such as liver damage and cognitive impairments. Early diagnosis and dietary management are crucial for improving outcomes.