A freeze-thaw cycle occurs when temperatures fluctuate around the freezing point of water, causing repeated freezing and thawing of moisture in the environment. This process can affect soil, rocks, and even man-made structures. When water freezes, it expands, which can create pressure and lead to cracks or other forms of damage. These cycles are common in regions with cold winters and can significantly impact natural landscapes. For example, in mountainous areas, freeze-thaw cycles can contribute to erosion and the formation of landslides. Understanding these cycles is important for managing infrastructure and preserving natural habitats.