Fortified wines are wines that have had a distilled spirit, usually brandy, added to them. This process increases the alcohol content and can enhance the flavor and sweetness of the wine. Common types of fortified wines include Port, Sherry, and Madeira, each with unique characteristics and production methods. The fortification process typically occurs during fermentation, which helps preserve some of the natural sugars in the grapes. This results in a sweeter taste and a longer shelf life compared to regular wines. Fortified wines are often enjoyed as dessert wines or used in cocktails.