A fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is a medical screening tool used to detect hidden blood in a person's stool. This test is important because the presence of blood can indicate various health issues, including colorectal cancer, polyps, or other gastrointestinal disorders. It is typically recommended for individuals over 50 or those with risk factors for colon cancer. The test is non-invasive and usually involves collecting small stool samples at home, which are then sent to a laboratory for analysis. If blood is detected, further diagnostic procedures, such as a colonoscopy, may be necessary to determine the underlying cause. Regular screening can help in early detection and improve treatment outcomes.