Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the colon and rectum, which are parts of the large intestine. It usually begins as small growths called polyps that can develop into cancer over time. Symptoms may include changes in bowel habits, blood in the stool, and abdominal discomfort. Early detection through screening can significantly improve treatment outcomes. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include age, family history, and certain lifestyle choices such as a diet high in red or processed meats. Regular screenings, such as colonoscopy, are recommended for individuals over 45 years old to help catch any potential issues early.