Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disorder that results in high levels of cholesterol in the blood. It is caused by mutations in genes responsible for removing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from the bloodstream. Individuals with this condition often have elevated cholesterol levels from a young age, increasing their risk of heart disease and other cardiovascular issues. This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, meaning that only one copy of the mutated gene from a parent can cause the disorder. Early diagnosis and treatment, which may include lifestyle changes and medications like statins, are crucial for managing cholesterol levels and reducing health risks associated with familial hypercholesterolemia.