Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) refers to a condition where patients continue to experience pain or other symptoms after undergoing spinal surgery. Despite the initial procedure aimed at relieving pain or correcting spinal issues, some individuals find that their symptoms persist or even worsen. The causes of FBSS can vary and may include factors such as improper diagnosis, surgical complications, or the development of new issues in the spine. Treatment options for FBSS often involve pain management strategies, physical therapy, or additional surgeries, but outcomes can be unpredictable.