Factor Xa is an essential enzyme in the blood coagulation process, playing a crucial role in the formation of blood clots. It is part of the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of coagulation, where it converts prothrombin into thrombin, leading to the formation of fibrin that stabilizes the clot. Inhibiting Factor Xa is a target for certain anticoagulant medications, such as rivaroxaban and apixaban. These drugs help prevent excessive blood clotting, reducing the risk of conditions like deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Understanding Factor Xa is vital for managing blood clotting disorders effectively.