Anticoagulants are medications that help prevent blood clots from forming in the body. They work by interfering with the blood's natural clotting process, which is essential for healing but can sometimes lead to dangerous conditions like deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Common anticoagulants include warfarin, heparin, and newer agents like apixaban and rivaroxaban. These medications are often prescribed for individuals with certain medical conditions, such as atrial fibrillation or after certain surgeries, to reduce the risk of stroke or other complications. While effective, anticoagulants require careful monitoring, as they can increase the risk of bleeding if not managed properly.