Export controls are regulations that governments implement to manage the export of certain goods, technologies, and services. These controls aim to protect national security, prevent the proliferation of weapons, and ensure that sensitive technologies do not fall into the wrong hands. Countries may restrict exports to specific nations or require licenses for certain items. These regulations can apply to various products, including military equipment, dual-use technologies (which can be used for both civilian and military purposes), and software. Companies must comply with these rules to avoid penalties and ensure that their exports align with government policies.