Essential fatty acids (EFAs) are types of fats that the body cannot produce on its own, meaning they must be obtained through diet. The two main types of EFAs are omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. These fats play crucial roles in various bodily functions, including cell structure, hormone production, and inflammation regulation. Good sources of essential fatty acids include fatty fish like salmon, nuts, seeds, and vegetable oils such as flaxseed oil and olive oil. Consuming a balanced ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids is important for maintaining overall health and supporting heart and brain function.