Environmental systems refer to the complex interactions between living organisms and their physical surroundings. These systems include various components such as air, water, soil, and biodiversity, which all work together to support life. Understanding these interactions helps scientists and policymakers address issues like climate change and habitat loss. In an environmental system, energy flows and nutrients cycle through different levels, from producers like plants to consumers such as animals. Each component plays a vital role in maintaining balance, ensuring that ecosystems remain healthy and resilient. Studying these systems is essential for sustainable management of natural resources.