An embedded system is a specialized computer designed to perform dedicated functions within larger systems. Unlike general-purpose computers, these systems are built into devices to control specific tasks, such as in home appliances, automobiles, or medical equipment. They often consist of a microcontroller or microprocessor, memory, and input/output interfaces. These systems are typically optimized for efficiency and reliability, often operating in real-time. Examples include smart thermostats, digital cameras, and industrial machines. Embedded systems can be found in everyday items, making them essential for modern technology and automation.