Electron mobility refers to how quickly electrons can move through a material when an electric field is applied. It is a crucial property in semiconductors and conductors, influencing how efficiently they can conduct electricity. Higher mobility means that electrons can travel faster, leading to better performance in electronic devices. Factors affecting electron mobility include temperature, material structure, and impurities. For instance, in silicon, a common semiconductor, electron mobility is higher at lower temperatures because thermal vibrations of atoms are reduced, allowing electrons to move more freely. Understanding electron mobility helps engineers design better electronic components.