An electric fence is a barrier that uses electric shock to deter animals or people from crossing a boundary. It consists of a series of wires that carry a low-voltage electric current. When an animal or person touches the wire, they receive a brief shock, which is usually not harmful but is enough to discourage them from approaching the fence. Electric fences are commonly used in agriculture to keep livestock, such as cattle and sheep, contained within a specific area. They are also used for security purposes around properties to prevent unauthorized access. The system can be powered by batteries or plugged into an electrical outlet.