The term "early modern" refers to a historical period that roughly spans from the late 15th century to the late 18th century. This era is characterized by significant changes in various aspects of society, including politics, culture, and science. Key events, such as the Renaissance and the Age of Enlightenment, played crucial roles in shaping modern thought and practices. During the early modern period, Europe experienced the rise of nation-states and the decline of feudalism. Innovations in technology, such as the printing press, facilitated the spread of ideas. Notable figures, including Galileo Galilei and William Shakespeare, emerged, influencing art, literature, and scientific inquiry.