Drug interactions occur when one medication affects the activity of another, potentially altering its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. These interactions can happen between prescription medications, over-the-counter drugs, herbal supplements, or even certain foods. Understanding these interactions is crucial for safe medication use. There are two main types of drug interactions: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic. Pharmacokinetic interactions involve changes in how the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, or excretes a drug. In contrast, pharmacodynamic interactions occur when two drugs affect the same biological pathway, enhancing or inhibiting each other's effects. Awareness of these interactions helps ensure safer treatment outcomes.