Pharmacokinetics is the branch of pharmacology that studies how drugs move through the body. It focuses on four main processes: absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, often abbreviated as ADME. These processes determine how quickly and effectively a drug works, as well as how long it stays in the body. Understanding pharmacokinetics helps healthcare professionals optimize drug dosing and improve treatment outcomes. For example, knowing how a drug is absorbed can influence whether it should be taken with food or on an empty stomach. This knowledge is essential for ensuring that medications are both safe and effective for patients.