Diuretics are medications that help the body get rid of excess water and salt by increasing urine production. They are often prescribed for conditions like high blood pressure, heart failure, and certain kidney disorders. By promoting urination, diuretics can help reduce swelling and lower blood pressure, making it easier for the heart to pump blood. There are different types of diuretics, including thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, and potassium-sparing diuretics. Each type works in a slightly different way and is used for specific health issues. It's important for patients to follow their doctor's advice when using diuretics to avoid dehydration and other side effects.