Disaccharides are carbohydrates made up of two simple sugars, known as monosaccharides, linked together. Common examples include sucrose, which is table sugar, and lactose, found in milk. Disaccharides are formed through a process called dehydration synthesis, where a water molecule is removed to bond the two sugars. When consumed, disaccharides are broken down into their monosaccharide components by enzymes in the digestive system. This process allows the body to absorb and utilize the sugars for energy. Disaccharides play a significant role in nutrition and are found in various foods, including fruits, vegetables, and dairy products.