A cylindrical grinder is a type of machine tool used to shape the outside of an object. It works by rotating the workpiece against a grinding wheel, which removes material to achieve the desired dimensions and surface finish. This process is commonly used for producing cylindrical parts, such as shafts and pins, in various industries. Cylindrical grinders can be classified into two main types: external and internal. External cylindrical grinders focus on the outer surface of the workpiece, while internal cylindrical grinders are designed to grind the inside surfaces. These machines are essential for precision engineering and manufacturing.