The cuneate nucleus is a cluster of nerve cells located in the brainstem, specifically in the medulla oblongata. It plays a crucial role in processing sensory information from the upper body, particularly touch and proprioception. This nucleus receives input from sensory fibers that carry signals from the arms and upper trunk. After processing this sensory information, the cuneate nucleus sends signals to the thalamus, which then relays the information to the cerebral cortex for further interpretation. This pathway is essential for the brain to understand and respond to sensations from the upper body effectively.