A cubic function is a type of polynomial function of degree three, typically expressed in the form f(x) = ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d , where a, b, c, and d are constants and a ≠ 0 . The graph of a cubic function can have one or two turning points and can cross the x-axis up to three times, depending on its coefficients. Cubic functions are important in various fields, including mathematics, physics, and engineering, as they can model real-world scenarios such as volume and growth rates. Their unique shape allows for a wide range of behaviors, making them useful for interpolation and approximation in data analysis.