Crop breeding is the science of improving plants to enhance their yield, quality, and resistance to diseases and pests. This process involves selecting parent plants with desirable traits and cross-pollinating them to produce new varieties. Breeders aim to develop crops that can thrive in different environments and meet the needs of farmers and consumers. Through genetic techniques and traditional methods, crop breeding helps ensure food security and sustainability. By creating varieties that require fewer resources, such as water and fertilizers, breeders contribute to more efficient agricultural practices. This is essential for adapting to challenges like climate change and growing global populations.