Countercultural movements are social groups that reject and oppose the dominant cultural norms and values of their time. These movements often arise in response to perceived injustices or societal issues, advocating for alternative lifestyles, beliefs, and practices. Examples include the Beat Generation of the 1950s and the Hippie Movement of the 1960s, both of which challenged conventional ideas about art, politics, and personal freedom. Members of countercultural movements typically seek to create a new identity or community that reflects their ideals. They may express their dissent through various forms of art, music, and literature, as seen in the works of Bob Dylan or Allen Ginsberg. These movements can influence mainstream culture, leading to significant social change over time.