Correlation studies are research methods used to determine the relationship between two or more variables. These studies help identify whether changes in one variable are associated with changes in another, without implying causation. For example, researchers might explore the correlation between exercise and mental health to see if increased physical activity relates to improved mood. In a correlation study, data is often collected through surveys, observations, or existing records. The results are typically presented using correlation coefficients, which range from -1 to 1. A coefficient close to 1 indicates a strong positive correlation, while a coefficient close to -1 indicates a strong negative correlation.