Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a progressive lung condition that makes it difficult to breathe. It is primarily caused by long-term exposure to irritants, such as cigarette smoke and air pollution. Symptoms often include persistent cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath, which can worsen over time. COPD encompasses two main conditions: chronic bronchitis and emphysema. In chronic bronchitis, the airways become inflamed and produce excess mucus, while in emphysema, the air sacs in the lungs are damaged, reducing their ability to transfer oxygen. Early diagnosis and management can help improve quality of life.