Childhood obesity is a medical condition where a child has excess body fat that can negatively affect their health. It is typically measured using the Body Mass Index (BMI), which compares a child's weight to their height. Factors contributing to childhood obesity include poor diet, lack of physical activity, and genetic influences. This condition can lead to various health issues, such as diabetes, heart disease, and low self-esteem. Preventing childhood obesity involves promoting healthy eating habits, encouraging regular exercise, and reducing screen time. Parents, schools, and communities play a vital role in supporting children to maintain a healthy lifestyle.