Chan is a form of East Asian Buddhism that emphasizes meditation and direct experience over theoretical knowledge. It originated in China during the Tang dynasty and is known for its focus on achieving enlightenment through mindfulness and the practice of sitting meditation, or zazen. The teachings of Chan were influenced by various philosophies, including Taoism and Confucianism. It later spread to other countries, evolving into different forms such as Zen in Japan. Chan practitioners often engage in koan study, which involves contemplating paradoxical questions to deepen their understanding of reality.