Causation refers to the relationship between two events where one event (the cause) directly influences or brings about the other event (the effect). For example, if rain falls, it can cause the ground to become wet. Understanding causation helps us identify how different factors interact in various situations. In scientific research, establishing causation is crucial for drawing accurate conclusions. Researchers often conduct experiments to determine whether a specific factor, like exercise, leads to an effect, such as improved health. This process helps differentiate between mere correlation, where two events occur together without a direct link, and true causation.