A catalytic converter is an essential component of a vehicle's exhaust system. Its primary function is to reduce harmful emissions produced by the engine. It does this by converting toxic gases, such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, into less harmful substances like carbon dioxide and nitrogen before they are released into the atmosphere. The catalytic converter contains precious metals, such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium, which act as catalysts in the chemical reactions. By facilitating these reactions, the converter helps improve air quality and meet environmental regulations, making it a crucial part of modern automobiles.