A catalytic converter is an essential component of a vehicle's exhaust system. Its primary function is to reduce harmful emissions produced by the engine. It does this by converting toxic gases, such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, into less harmful substances like carbon dioxide and nitrogen before they are released into the atmosphere. Catalytic converters contain precious metals, such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium, which act as catalysts in the chemical reactions. These metals help speed up the conversion process without being consumed themselves. Proper functioning of a catalytic converter is crucial for meeting environmental regulations and improving air quality.