Caspase-1 is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is part of a group of proteins known as caspases, which are involved in the process of programmed cell death, or apoptosis. Specifically, caspase-1 is responsible for activating inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β and interleukin-18, which help the body respond to infections and injuries. This enzyme is primarily activated in response to signals from pathogens or cellular stress. By promoting inflammation, caspase-1 helps to recruit immune cells to sites of infection or damage, facilitating the healing process. However, excessive activation of caspase-1 can lead to chronic inflammation and contribute to various diseases, including autoimmune disorders and metabolic syndromes.