Caspases are a family of enzymes that play a crucial role in the process of programmed cell death, known as apoptosis. They are synthesized as inactive precursors and become activated in response to various cellular signals. Once activated, caspases cleave specific proteins, leading to the systematic dismantling of cellular components. In addition to apoptosis, caspases are also involved in inflammation and immune responses. They help regulate the activation of inflammatory cytokines, which are essential for the body's defense mechanisms. Dysregulation of caspases can contribute to various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.