The caloric test is a diagnostic procedure used to assess the function of the inner ear and the vestibular system, which helps control balance. During the test, warm or cold water is introduced into one ear canal, causing a temperature change that stimulates the inner ear. This stimulation can lead to eye movements, known as nystagmus, which are measured to evaluate the vestibular response. The results of the caloric test can help identify issues related to conditions such as vestibular neuritis, Meniere's disease, or other balance disorders. It is often performed in conjunction with other tests to provide a comprehensive understanding of a patient's balance and hearing health.