Benzoic acid is a colorless, crystalline solid that has a slightly sweet odor. It is a simple aromatic carboxylic acid, with the chemical formula C7H6O2. Commonly found in nature, it occurs in various plants and is often used as a food preservative due to its ability to inhibit the growth of mold, yeast, and some bacteria. In addition to its use in food preservation, benzoic acid is also utilized in the production of various chemicals, including benzoate salts and benzoyl peroxide. It is important in the manufacturing of plastics, dyes, and pharmaceuticals, making it a versatile compound in many industries.